Dry Tortugas National Park Regulations for Fishing

Fishing within the boundaries of Dry Tortugas National Park is permitted, but it’s subject to strict regulations enforced by the National Park Service and in cooperation with the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC). These rules are in place to protect the sensitive marine environment and ensure sustainable fish populations for the future.

Imagine visiting a protected nature reserve on land – there are often rules about where you can go, what you can touch, and whether you can collect anything. Fishing within a National Park marine environment has similar, crucial guidelines you must follow.

For anglers on a Dry Tortugas fishing charter, the captain and crew are the primary experts on these regulations. They are responsible for knowing and following the rules, but it’s helpful for you as an angler to be aware of them as well.

1. Fishing Permits and Licenses

• Florida Fishing License: Everyone 16 years of age or older recreationally harvesting (catching and keeping) fish in Florida state or federal waters (including the Dry Tortugas) generally needs a Florida saltwater fishing license. However, most licensed commercial fishing charters in Florida hold a special charter captain’s license that covers everyone fishing on their boat, meaning you may not need your own personal license. Always confirm this directly with your charter company before your trip.
• National Park Permit: As a guest on a licensed commercial fishing charter, you typically do not need a separate Dry Tortugas National Park fishing permit. The vessel’s commercial permits usually cover the fishing activity outside of the Research Natural Area (RNA – see below). If you’re traveling by private boat, different rules and permits may apply.

For more details on this topic, check out our post on obtaining permits for Dry Tortugas fishing trips, which breaks down exactly what you need depending on how you access the park.

2. Research Natural Area (RNA) – No-Take Zone

• The Core Rule: The majority of the water within Dry Tortugas National Park is designated as a Research Natural Area (RNA). Fishing and taking any marine life (fish, lobster, conch, shells, etc.) is strictly prohibited within the RNA.
• Boundaries: The RNA includes Garden Key (where Fort Jefferson is located) and extends outwards. These boundaries are clearly defined on nautical charts. Your captain will know exactly where they are.
• Purpose: The RNA serves as a sanctuary to study natural marine processes without human harvest or disturbance. It acts as a source of fish that can reproduce and potentially replenish areas outside the park.

Booking your trip with a knowledgeable Dry Tortugas charter company ensures your captain is fully aware of RNA boundaries and all legal fishing zones.

3. Park Waters Outside the RNA

• Where You Can Fish: Recreational fishing is permitted in the areas of Dry Tortugas National Park that are outside the designated RNA. This includes sections of water closer to the park boundaries and specific areas known to hold fish.
• Standard FWC Regulations Apply: In these non-RNA park waters, standard Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) regulations apply. This means you must follow:
  • Size Limits: Minimum or maximum lengths for keeping certain species.
  • Bag Limits: The maximum number of fish of a specific species you can keep per person per day.
  • Seasons: Certain species have open and closed seasons.
  • Gear Restrictions: Rules about the types of hooks, lines, or gear that can be used for certain species or areas.

To get a sense of what you’re allowed to catch and when, explore our guide to fish species found in the Dry Tortugas, which also touches on common techniques and seasonal availability.

4. Protected Species

• Goliath Grouper and Nassau Grouper: These species are highly protected and must be released immediately if caught anywhere in state or federal waters, including within Dry Tortugas boundaries.
• Other Protected Species: Be aware of other rules regarding species like sea turtles, marine mammals, and certain types of sharks. Your captain will guide you on identifying and handling protected species.

A reputable charter will also ensure your fishing practices follow etiquette and conservation best practices, minimizing harm to marine life and habitats.

Importance of Fishing with a Knowledgeable Charter

Fishing in the Dry Tortugas without a captain who is intimately familiar with both federal (National Park Service) and state (FWC) regulations is risky. Park Rangers patrol the area, and violations can result in significant fines and penalties.

Your charter captain will ensure that:

• Fishing takes place in legally permitted areas outside the RNA
• All caught fish are measured and checked against current FWC size and bag limits
• Fishing gear complies with regulations
• Protected species are handled and released correctly

If you’re still exploring your options, be sure you choose a charter service that’s fully licensed and reputable.

Understanding the rules is just one part of the preparation. For guidance on permits, travel, packing, and boat types, visit our full Dry Tortugas Fishing Charter Guide or dive into our post on planning your fishing trip from Key West to get organized from start to finish.